Compounds Studied in Longevity and Cellular-Ageing Research

This page surveys compounds held in our catalogue that appear in the research literature and in registered clinical studies relating to longevity, cellular ageing, metabolic regulation, and tissue repair. The compounds are grouped by the research theme in which they appear. No ranking is implied. All compounds are supplied for laboratory research use only.

The work in this area centres on a small number of pathways and receptor families: the GLP-1 and GIP receptor family, the sirtuin/NAD+ axis, mitochondrial quality-control pathways including mitophagy, and the growth-hormone/IGF-1 axis. Identifiers such as sequence, formula, and molecular weight are given where the evidence block provides them; where it does not, they are omitted.

Research Studies

5-Amino-1MQ and cellular NAD+ metabolism

5-Amino-1MQ is a small-molecule inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme that consumes NAD+ precursors. In the longevity literature it is studied as a tool for raising intracellular NAD+ availability. No registered clinical study of 5-Amino-1MQ appears in the evidence block; the work is preclinical. It is supplied as 5-Amino-1MQ.

Epithalon (Epitalon) and telomerase-related endpoints

Epithalon is a synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) studied in the context of telomerase activity and pineal regulation. Research interest centres on whether it influences telomere length or replicative capacity in cultured cells. No registered clinical trial of Epithalon appears in the evidence block.

Nicotinamide and retinal protection in primary open-angle glaucoma

The NADIR trial (NCT07808333) is testing whether high-dose nicotinamide, a vitamin B3 form, protects retinal nerve cells in adults with primary open-angle glaucoma already receiving standard drops or laser treatment [3]. The primary question is whether adding nicotinamide slows thinning of the inner retinal nerve cell layer over 12 months compared with standard therapy alone. Participants are randomised to nicotinamide tablets starting at 1.5 grams per day or to standard therapy [3].

Nicotinamide riboside and walking distance in peripheral artery disease

The NICE-PAD II trial (NCT07782671) randomises 250 participants with peripheral artery disease aged 50 and older to nicotinamide riboside (NR) or placebo for six months [11]. The primary outcome is change in six-minute walk distance at six-month follow-up; secondary outcomes include the Walking Impairment Questionnaire distance score, PROMIS Mobility score, and calf muscle perfusion measured by magnetic resonance arterial spin labelling [11].

Mitophagy and mitochondrial DNA dynamics during fasting

A registered study (NCT07638696) compares Ramadan dry fasting, which restricts both food and fluids from dawn to sunset, with 16:8 time-restricted feeding, which permits water [4]. The study examines blood markers related to mitochondrial DNA and metabolic health across a 30-day period, testing whether the combined effects of fluid restriction and daily body rhythms trigger stronger mitophagy than water-permitted fasting [4].

BPC-157 and tendon healing after rotator cuff repair

BPC-157 is a synthetic pentadecapeptide. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial (NCT07803250) is investigating its effects on tendon healing and functional recovery following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair [7]. Twenty patients are randomised to BPC-157 or saline placebo, self-administering subcutaneous injections daily for 90 days after surgery, with all other care following the standard postoperative pathway [7]. The evidence block notes that BPC-157 has shown regenerative and anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical animal models of musculoskeletal injury but has not previously been studied in formal human clinical trials [7].

GHK and GHK-Cu and circulating copper-peptide levels

A two-part study (NCT07706361) investigates GHK and GHK-Cu blood levels before and after intervention in healthy adults, and the efficacy of the X39 patch on those levels compared with placebo [6]. The main questions are the change in GHK and GHK-Cu levels from baseline to Day 8, and the difference in that change between the X39 patch and placebo [6]. Participants complete a questionnaire and use the patch [6].

GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists in obesity-related heart failure

GLIDE-HF (NCT07787936) is a prospective, single-centre, non-interventional observational cohort registry conducted within routine outpatient heart failure care in Poland [8]. It enrols patients with obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, defined by chronic heart failure symptoms or exertional dyspnoea, body mass index at least 30 kg/m2, left ventricular ejection fraction at least 50%, and objective evidence of HFpEF using contemporary diagnostic scores, without a dominant alternative cause of dyspnoea [8]. All eligible patients are enrolled regardless of treatment [8].

Semaglutide and cardiometabolic risk after gestational diabetes

A Hybrid Type 1 effectiveness-implementation study (NCT07797036) evaluates immediate postpartum semaglutide following a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus [2]. A total of 226 postpartum individuals with recent GDM are randomised 1:1 to semaglutide or standard postpartum care for a 6-month active treatment phase; the primary effectiveness outcome, development of metabolic syndrome, is assessed at 6 months postpartum [2]. Participants then enter a 6-month maintenance phase in which semaglutide continuation, discontinuation, or initiation reflects patient and clinician decisions [2].

Semaglutide and cardiometabolic profile in schizophrenia with metabolic syndrome

A multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial (NCT07770282) evaluates whether adjunctive oral semaglutide 3 mg once daily, added to treatment as usual, reduces 10-year cardiovascular risk (QRISK3) and improves insulin resistance, lipids, weight, and metabolic biomarkers over 24 weeks compared with placebo in patients with schizophrenia on second-generation antipsychotics [9]. The trial also confirms psychiatric safety and tolerability [9].

Tirzepatide and preoperative optimisation before gastric bypass

A study (NCT07622992) compares three preoperative strategies before one anastomosis gastric bypass for severe obesity: tirzepatide for 60 days, a ketogenic diet for 4 weeks, or standard care [5]. The main goal is to determine which approach leads to the best weight loss one year after surgery; the study also evaluates safety, surgical outcomes, and improvement of obesity-related conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and sleep apnoea [5].

HMB plus vitamin D and muscle preservation during semaglutide initiation

A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (NCT07760948) evaluates whether daily calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (calcium-HMB) plus vitamin D3 preserves muscle mass, physical function, and resting metabolism in adults aged 65 to 85 years with type 2 diabetes who are newly starting semaglutide as part of usual clinical care [10]. Participants receive calcium-HMB plus vitamin D3 or matching placebo for approximately 6 months; the primary outcome is change in appendicular lean mass measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry from baseline to month 6, with secondary assessments of body composition, muscle strength, physical performance, gait, physical activity, and resting metabolic rate [10].

SYH2069 and glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes

A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled phase 2 study (NCT07796477) evaluates the efficacy, safety, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of SYH2069 injection in participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled with diet and exercise alone or metformin monotherapy [12]. The study consists of a 2-week screening period, a 3-week run-in period, a 28-week treatment period, and a 3-week safety follow-up; 240 subjects are stratified by baseline HbA1c (≤8.5% or >8.5%) and prior metformin use, then randomised [12].

AI-assisted subtyping in acute aortic dissection

A prospective multicentre randomised controlled trial (NCT07382375) integrates multi-dimensional data to construct an AI immunoinflammatory subtyping system for acute aortic dissection, enabling rapid subtyping and establishing a subtyping-target-treatment closed loop for emergency needs [1]. Three hundred patients are randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group receives subtyping-based precision therapy, while the control group uses empirical strategies [1]. The rationale notes that current perioperative anti-inflammatory therapies are mostly empirical and poorly targeted, and that AI-assisted typing lacks a complete clinical translation pathway [1].

Comparison of selected registered studies

If you are reading this for personal health reasons

All materials described on this page are sold for laboratory research use only. We do not provide dosing, administration, or medical guidance of any kind. Anyone considering a compound for themselves should speak to a licensed clinician.

Sources

• [1] AI-assisted Subtyping-directed Precision Treatment in Acute Aortic Dissection — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07382375
• [2] Postpartum Semaglutide to Reduce Cardiometabolic Risk After Gestational Diabetes — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07797036
• [3] Nicotinamide for Retinal Protection in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (NADIR Trial) — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07808333
• [4] Mitophagy and Mitochondrial DNA Dynamics During Ramadan Dry Fasting vs 16:8 Time-Restricted Feeding — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07638696
• [5] Preoperative Optimization With Tirzepatide, Ketogenic Diet, or Standard Care Before One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Surgery — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07622992
• [6] Two-Part Study of the Effects of the X39 Patch on Circulating GHK and GHK-Cu Levels in Healthy Adults — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07706361
• [7] Impact of BPC-157 on Recovery Following Rotator Cuff Repair Surgery — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07803250
• [8] GLP-1/GIP Receptor Agonists in Obesity-Related HFpEF: The GLIDE-HF Registry — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07787936
• [9] Efficacy and Safety of Semaglutide Versus Placebo on Cardiometabolic Profile in Patients With Schizophrenia With Metabolic Syndrome — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07770282
• [10] HMB Plus Vitamin D to Preserve Muscle in Older Adults Starting Semaglutide — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07760948
• [11] The NICE-PAD II Trial — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07782671
• [12] A Study of SYH2069 Injection in Participants With T2DM Not Controlled With Diet/Exercise Alone or Metformin — https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07796477